Formalin is a widely used fixative for tissue preservation in histology and pathology. Formalin fixed tissues are difficult to label with antibodies largely because formalin conceals the antigens by protein cross-linking.
Universal antigen retrieval buffer utilizes the ability of citraconic group to hydrolyze the adducts of primary amines that are cross-linked by formalin, and therefore liberate the cross-linked proteins.
Universal antigen retrieval buffer can retrieve approximately 10-time more antigen signals than conventional antigen retrieval buffers, such as acidic citrate buffer or alkaline Tris buffer.
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